What is milkweed used for?
Ethnobotanic: Milkweed has been used for fiber, food, and medicine by people all over the United States and southern Canada. Fibers from the stems of milkweed have been identified in prehistoric textiles in the Pueblo region. Tewa-speaking people of the Rio Grande still make string and rope from these fibers. The good news is milkweed doesn’t taste very good. All parts of the plant can cause nausea, gastric discomfort, physical weakness, and heart rhythm changes and respiratory problems if eaten. Milkweed sap can also cause irritation to your skin or eyes. We recommend wearing garden gloves when handling these plants.Milkweed can sicken livestock when they eat enough of it. Animals tend to steer clear of the toxic plants, but accidental poisonings do happen, particularly if milkweed infiltrates a hayfield and gets cut, dried and served up to livestock mixed into their hay.Milkweed sap exposure to the skin can cause a significant contact dermatitis and poses a hazard for gardeners.Medicinally, the plant (especially the root) was used widely as a kidney and urinary aid, cathartic, diuretic, and emetic. All species of Asclepias are distasteful to livestock and pets. Swamp milkweed can be toxic if ingested and has been reported to cause poisonings in sheep, cattle, and goats.Although potentially poisonous, the plant has been used for medicinal purposes as well. Many indigenous tribes applied milkweed sap for wart removal and chewed its roots to treat dysentery. It was also used in salves and infusions to treat swelling, rashes, coughs, fevers and asthma.
What are the facts about milkweed?
Milkweeds contain various levels of cardiac glycoside compounds which render the plants toxic to most insects and animals. For some insects, the cardiac glycosides become a defense. They can store them in their tissue which renders them inedible or toxic to other animals. Leaves may be narrow or broad. Leaves or other above-ground parts of the plant are poisonous. They contain several glucosidic substances called cardenolides that are toxic. Milkweed may cause losses at any time, but it is most dangerous during the active growing season.Rabbits will even feed on the young leaves of milkweeds, and these plants have high levels of toxic compounds in their milky sap! In the winter the small, tender branches of many young trees and shrubs are vulnerable.There are actually two different toxins which can be present in milkweed. One is a neurotoxin and the other is a cardiac glycoside. They produce symptoms of colic, depression, lethargy, irregular heartbeat, dilated pupils, weakness, incoordination, convulsions, and death.While milkweed can be used as a topical pain reliever it is very important to note that it is for topical use ONLY as it is indeed mildly toxic.She traces that history to the region’s agriculture. Milkweed can sicken livestock when they eat enough of it. Animals tend to steer clear of the toxic plants, but accidental poisonings do happen, particularly if milkweed infiltrates a hayfield and gets cut, dried and served up to livestock mixed into their hay.
Can humans drink milkweed?
Symptoms of milkweed toxicity When milkweed is swallowed, symptoms of toxicity usually appear within a few hours. Initial symptoms consist of stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weakness, lethargy, and confusion. Milkweed sap can cause mild skin irritation or an allergic reaction, but it is not highly toxic through skin contact. Brief Explanation: The milky latex sap contains toxic compounds that can irritate sensitive skin or eyes. It’s advisable to wear gloves when handling the plant.
How toxic is milkweed to humans?
Although many milkweeds contain resinoids, most of the ones that cause fatal poisonings contain cardenolides (cardiac glycosides). These cardenolides are similar to digoxin causing electrolyte balances in heart muscle resulting in arrhythmias and cardiac failure. Milkweeds contain cardiac glycosides, naturally occurring drugs that increase the force of heart contraction and have been used to treat heart conditions. Cardiac glycosides also have potential anti-cancer application; in the lab, they exhibit properties toxic to cancer cells.